ADAM JAKUBIK is an economist in the IMF’s Strategy, Policy, and Review Department. ELIZABETH VAN HEUVELEN is a senior economist in the IMF’s Strategy, Policy, and Review Department. Opinions expressed ...

Learned helplessness occurs when an individual continuously faces a negative, uncontrollable situation and stops trying to change their circumstances, even when they have the ability to do so. For ...

Welcome to the ME 270 course website for the Spring 2026 term. The material on this site is a complement to the lecture book for the course. And, all material here is accessible without the need to ...